Epoxy acyloxy silanes



United States Patent 3,120,546 EPOXY ACYLOXY SHJANES Edwin P. Plueddemann, Midland, Mich., assignor to Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, Micln, a corporation of Michigan No Drawing. Filed Jan. 30, 15 61, Ser. No. 85,505

7 Claims. (Cl. 260-348) This invention relates to silanes having epoxy groups attached to the silicon through silicon-carbon linkages.

This application is a continuation-in-part of applicants copending application Serial No. 30,735 filed May 23, 1960 now abandoned, which was in turn a continuationin-part of and copending with applicants application Serial No. 695,542, filed November 12, 1957, entitled A Method of Treating Glass now Patent 2,946,701.

It is the object of this invention to prepare novel compositions of matter which are useful in the sizing of glass and which are useful for increasing the abrasion resistance of siloxane release coatings on base members. This provides an improved release coating as is described and claimed in the copending application of Lawrence H. Ault and Lynn Salisbury entitled, Improved Siloxane Coatings, Serial No. 30,734, filed May 23, 1960. Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description.

This invention relates to compositions of the formula l I L -.-S

in which R" is of the group methyl radicals and hydrogen, n has a value from 1 to 2, n being 1 when R l-CHR- comprises a cycloaliphatio ring, R is of the group divalent hydrocarbon radicals, divalent halohydrocarbon radicals, divalent radicals composed of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen and divalent radicals composed of carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen, in all cases the 0 being in the form of linkages of the group carboxylic ester and ether linkages, a has a value from 0 to 1, R is a monovalent hydrocarbon or monovalent halohydrocarbon radical, y has a value of 0 to 2 inclusive and Ac is a carboxy acyl radical of less than 5 carbon atoms.

The compositions of this invention can be prepared by two general methods. One method involves the addition of an epoxy compound containing carbon-carbon unsaturation to an acetoxy silane of the formula R, HS i(OAC)3-y in the presence of a platinum catalyst. For example, one can react allyl glycidyl ether with methyldiacetoxysilane in the presence of chloropl atinic acid at a temperature of 120 C. or below to produce the compound HzC CHOH2O (CHzMEiKO iMeh In those cases in which R is an alkenyl or cycloalkenyl radical the reaction is best carried out by adding the acetoxy silane to a mixture of an excess of the unsaturated epoxide and the platinum catalyst.

A second method of preparing the acetoxy silanes of this invention is that of oxidizing alkenyl or cycloalkenylsubstituted acetoxy silanes with peracids such as peracetic acid. This reaction is best carried out at temperatures of from 30 to 50 C. This method is particularly desirable when a is 0 or when R contains an aromatic ring attached directly to the silicon, for example, styryl silanes. f the 3,120,545 Patented Feb. 4, 1964 acetoxy silane contains more than one unsaturated radical attached thereto, one can oxidize only one of the unsaturated groups by controlling the proportion of peracid employed and/ or the reaction time. Thus, for example, one can react 1 mol of divinyldiacetoxysilane with 1 mol or less of peracetic acid at 40 to 5 0 C. to obtain /0 CH=OH HzC-CHSi(OOCMe)2 This controlled oxidation offers a second method of preparing the compositions of this invention where R contains aliphatic or cycloaliphatic unsaturation.

As can be seen from the above formula a can be 0 in which case the epoxy ring is attached directly to the silicon atom. It can also be seen that n can be 1 in which case the epoxy group and R constitute a cyoloaliphatic ring which may be attached directly to the silicon as in the case of groups or the ring can be attached to the silicon through a bridge such as the group. It can also be seen that y can range from O to 2. Thus, this invention includes monoacyloxy, diacyloxy and triacyloxy epoxy silanes.

For the purpose of this invention R can be any divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon radical such as methylene, ethylene, propylene, hexylene or octadecylene; any monocyclic hydrocarbon radical such as any cycloalkylene radi cals such as cyclohexylene, methylcyclohexylene and cyclopentylene; any unsaturated aliphatic divalent hydrocarbon radical such as CH CH=CH and any monocyclic aromatic divalent hydrocarbon radical such as phenylene, tolylene or -C omornany bicyclic divalent aromatic hydrocarbon radical such as Xenylene. R can also be any aliphatic divalent halohydrocarbon radical such as chloroethylene or fluoroethylene, any monocyclic divalent aromatic halohydrocarbon radical such as bromophenylene and any bicyclic divalent aromatic halohydrocarbon radical such as bromoxenylene; any divalent ether radical of the type (ROR) where x is an integer of at least 1 such as aliphatic radicals such as and CH OC F OCH CH CH and R can be any carboxylic ester linkage such as monocyclic radicals such and aliphatic radicals such as and 4 Example 1 .25 mol of triacetoxy silane, .25 g. of a butanol solution of chloroplatinic acid, said solution containing 2% by weight platinum, and .25 mol of allyl glycidyl ether were 5 mixed and stirred for 1 hour at 120 C. An additional 2( 2 2)4 2)s- .125 mol of allyl glycidyl ether was added and the mix- 2 ture was warmed for 1.5 hours and filtered. The product CH OOCCH CH was strip distilled to remove the excess allyl glycidyl ether and and the residue was the compound CHzBr CH2O(CHCH2O)aOCC 2 2 HzC CHCH2O(CH2)3Si(OgMe) This material had a refractive index at 25 C. of 1.4405 R can be any aliphatic monovalent hydrocarbon radical and a ifi gravity at 25 C f 1203 such as alkyl radicals such as methyl, ethyl, butyl, iso- E I 2 propyl, or octadecyl and any alkenyl radical such as vinyl, xamp e hexenyl or decenyl; or any monocyclic hydrocarbon .75 mol of allyl glycidyl ether was mixed with .2 g. radicals such as cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radical such of platinum dispersed on charcoal in amount of 1% as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl or methylcycloby weight platinum. The mixture was warmed to 120 hexyl; any aromatic hydrocarbon radical such as phenyl C. and .5 mol of methyldiacetoxy silane was added thereand tolyl, and any aralkyl hydrocarbon radical such as to with stirring at such a rate that the temperature did benzyl or beta-phenylethyl, any bicyclic aromatic hydronot exceed 120 C. After the addition was complete, the carbon radlcal such as xenyl and naphthyl. R can also mixture was warmed at 110 C. for an additional hour. be any halogenated hydrocarbon radical such as chloro- The excess ether was removed and the product was dismethyl, chloropropyl, bromophenyl, a,0c,u-trifll1OI0lOlyl, till d t give the composition trifluoropropyl, bromocyclohexyl, para-bromobenzyl and iodophenyl.

Ac can be any carboxy acyl radical of from 1 to 4 H2C-CHCH2O(CH2)3Si(OCM0)z carbon atoms such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl or acrylyll Thus, AC has the formula This material boiled at 104 C. at 1 mm. and had the following properties at 25 C.: refractive index=1.4405 f? and density=l.1l4. OCR Example 3 in which R' is hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon Using the Procedure of Example 111018 of allyl radical of 1 to 3 inclusive carbon atoms, glycidyl ether was reacted with 1 mol of dimethyl m0no The acyloxy silanes of this invention are particularly acetoxy silane. The product was distilled to give useful in increasing the adhesion of siloxane release coatings to base members. This is of particular advantage in connection with release coatings on paper and other 40 H2CCCH20(CH2)3S1OC1\IG fibrous backings. In this regard the acyloxy silanes are a unique with respect to the corresponding alkoxy silanes. bolhng 115 to 116 at The following examples are illustrative only and should Example 4 not be construed as limiting the invention which is properly delineated in the appended claims. When 1 mol of the following epoxides is reacted with In the specification and claims the following abbrevia- .5 mol of the following acyloxy silanes using the catalysts tions are used: Me for methyl, Et for ethyl, Bu for butyl and temperature conditions of Example 1, the following and Ph for phenyl. products are obtained.

Epoxide Acyloxy Silane Product ll ll CH2CHCH=CHz HSi(OCEt)3.. H20 GHCHQCHgSKOCEf);

i ii i n CHZCHCHZOCH2CMCH HSKOCMGM H2C CHCHzOCHzCH=CHSKOCIWOh o 0 C5H5CI (551L501 s CH=CH2 HSiOOOH s CH CH S|iOOCH El; Er

I ll ll CH2CHCOl=CHz HSi(O OM62 H1O CHCHClCHgKOCMeh O O O ll CH2CHCH2O(C2H4O)ECH2OH=CH2 HS1(OCMo)a H O CHCHQO(CH2CH20)B(C Z)3 !(Och18)! /O\ (llHzBr CHzOHzCFs /O\ CHzBr CHzCIIaCFJ CH OHOCHCH20CH=CHz HSi(00CMe)2 H2O CH0CHCHQOCHQCHQSKOOOMQ):

O O I Jis u $13 31 S HSKOOCMeh Si(OOOMe) Epoxide Acyloxy Silaue Product O ll ll CHZCHCBPOHZ HS1(OCPr) H2O CHCHBlCHzS1(OCPt)3 0 Me CHzCl Me CHaCl I CH2CHCHzOOCC=CH2 HS1(OOCMe) HCOHCH2OOOOHCH2Si(OOCMe)z 0 Me Me I I CH2CHOH2OOCCF=CF2 HSi(OOCMe) HzC-CHCHOOCCFHCF2S1(OOCMG)2 O O LA S OH=CH HSKOOCMe): S OH2OHzSi(OOOMe)3 O O MeOHCHCOOOH CH=OH HS1(OOCMe) MeOH-CHCOOCHzCHzCHfiKCDCMB):

O M0zC-CHCHOCH:CH=CH2 HSI(OOGMB)3 MegCCHCH OCH2OH2OH1S1(OOOMe) Example 5 When 1 mol of styryl triacetoxy silane is mixed with 1 mol of peracetic acid and the mixture warmed to 40 to 50 C., the product 0 onosno mn Example 6 is obtained.

When 1 mol of divinyldiacetoxy silane is mixed with 1 mol of peracetic acid and the mixture warmed at 40 to 50 C., the product /0 (I'JH=C Ha 11 00Hsi(0 OCMe)z is obtained.

Example 7 46.5 g. of limonene monoxide was mixed with 4 drops of a solution of chloroplatinic acid in dimethylphthalate, which solution contained 1% by weight Pt, and the mixture was heated to 130 C. Then 40.5 g. of

was added over a minute period. The mixture was then heated 2 hours at 130 to 140 C. The resulting product was 0 I (IE3 (IE3 S CHCHzSl(OOCCHs)2 product was s CH2CH2Si(OOCCH3)2 having n of 1.4588 and sp. gr. of 1.110.

That which is claimed is: 1. A compound of the formula 0 R, o I

in which R" is selected from the group consisting of methyl radicals and hydrogen atoms,

n has a value from 1 to 2 inclusive, R is selected from the group consisting of (1) divalent and trivalent hydrocarbon radicals of no more than 18 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, monocyclic hydrocarbon radicals and bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals;

(2) divalent and trivalent halohydrocarbon radicals of no more than 18 carbon atoms selected from the group consisting of aliphatic halohydrocarbon radicals, monocyclic halohydrocarbon radicals and bicyclic aromatic halohydrocarbon radicals;

(3) divalent and trivalent radicals composed of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen atoms, selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and monocyclic radicals; and

(4) divalent and trivalent radicals composed of hydrogen, carbon, halogen and oxygen atoms, selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and monocyclic radicals,

in all cases in (3) and (4) the oxygen atoms being in the form of linkages selected from the group consisting of u C-O--C- and CO'C linkages, there being no more than one 0 ll -o-0-o group per molecule, (3) and (4) each containing no more than 20 carbon atoms,

R being free of acetylenic linkages and R being trivalent and n being 1 when the group 0 R,.(;J/\CHR comprises a cycloaliphatic ring,

a has avalue from 0 to 1 inclusive,

R is free of acetylenic linkages, contains no more than 18 carbon atoms and is selected from the group consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon radicals and monovalent halohydrocarbon radicals, which are selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, monocyclic and bicyclic aromatic radicals,

y has a value from 0 to 2 inclusive and R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom and aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals of from 1 to 3 inclusive carbon atoms.

2. A compound in accordance with claim 1 wherein R is hydrogen, R is a trivalent aliphatic hydrocarbon 7 radical of no more than 18 carbon atoms, R and R" are both methyl.

3. A compound in accordance with claim 1 wherein R" is hydrogen, R is a divalent radical of no more than 20 carbon atoms composed of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen in the form of a COC linkage and R and R" are both methyl.

4. A compound of the formula in which y has a value from to 2 inclusive.

5. A compound of the formula 0 H1C OHCHzO (CH1) aSi(O ilcm) a 6. A compound of the formula 7. A compound of the formula S CHzCIhSKOOCCIIa):

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No 3, 120,546 February 4, 1964 Edwin P, Plueddemann It v is hereby certified that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction and that the said Letters Patent should read as corrected below.

Columns Sand 4, in the table, under the heading "Epoxide'", the second formula should appear as shown below instead of as in the patent:

O C H C CH OCH C=CH 2 2 2 Signed and sealed this 8th day of December 1964.

(SEAL) Attest:

ERNEST W. SWIDER v EDWARD J. BRENNER Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA 